Machu Picchu Weather by Month

Dreaming of ancient ruins and misty mountains? Before you pack your hiking boots or sunhat, get the lowdown on what each month brings. 

From blazing trails in July to lush green rainstorms in February, here’s what to expect when you’re planning your adventure to Machu Picchu. 

Now. Let’s get into the month-by-month Machu Picchu weather report.

January

Expect: Warm temps and frequent rain. Trails can be muddy, but the mountains glow green.

• Avg Rainfall: High
• Avg Temp: 19°C (day), 10°C (night)
• Crowd Level: Low

Waterproof everything. Seriously. Even your socks.

February

Expect: Heavy rains and possible trail closures. The Inca Trail is officially closed for maintenance.

• Avg Rainfall: Very High
• Avg Temp: 19°C (day), 9°C (night)
• Crowd Level: Very Low

Machu Picchu itself stays open. Take the train instead and embrace the moody views.

March

Expect: The rain begins to ease, and flowers start blooming like mad.

• Avg Rainfall: Medium to High
• Avg Temp: 20°C (day), 9°C (night)
• Crowd Level: Low

March is ideal for photographers who love a good dramatic sky and fewer selfie sticks.

April

Expect: A perfect in-between month. Clearer skies, lush landscapes, fewer crowds.

• Avg Rainfall: Medium
• Avg Temp: 21°C (day), 8°C (night)
• Crowd Level: Medium

April is my personal favourite month to visit Machu Picchu. You get to enjoy golden light, green hills, and better odds of staying dry-ish.

May

Expect: Dry season kicks off! Prime time for trekking with loads of things to do at Machu Picchu.

• Avg Rainfall: Low
• Avg Temp: 21°C (day), 6°C (night)
• Crowd Level: Rising

During May the trails are fresh and not yet crowded. Remember to pack layers for chilly mornings.

June

Expect: Cool, crisp, and dry “classic” Andean winter. Welcome to the high season.

• Avg Rainfall: Very Low
• Avg Temp: 20°C (day), 5°C (night)
• Crowd Level: High

Bring thermals if you’re camping, and book everything way in advance. June is peak-travel time.

July

Expect: Dry, sunny days and postcard-perfect views.

• Avg Rainfall: Very Low
• Avg Temp: 19°C (day), 5°C (night)
• Crowd Level: Very High

Here’s a pro tip for July. Early starts = better light and fewer people. And yes, it’s worth it.

August

Expect: A continuation of July’s dry weather—plus gusty winds on exposed trails.

• Avg Rainfall: Very Low
• Avg Temp: 20°C (day), 6°C (night)
• Crowd Level: High

During August, sunglasses are a must. Trust me, even the llamas squint this time of year.

September

Expect: Dry season winds down, with warmer days and still-clear skies.

• Avg Rainfall: Low
• Avg Temp: 21°C (day), 7°C (night)
• Crowd Level: Medium

September is a sweet spot for visiting Machu Picchu. It’s less crowded than June-August but just as lovely.

October

Expect: A few more clouds and light rain, but trails are still manageable.

• Avg Rainfall: Medium
• Avg Temp: 22°C (day), 8°C (night)
• Crowd Level: Low to Medium

Great month for lush greenery without full-on rainy season chaos.

November

Expect: Rain becomes more common, but days are still warm.

• Avg Rainfall: Medium to High
• Avg Temp: 22°C (day), 9°C (night)
• Crowd Level: Low

It’s wise to carry a poncho in your daypack during December. The weather can turn mid-hike.

December

Expect: Warm, wet, and vibrant scenery. everything’s in bloom again.

• Avg Rainfall: High
• Avg Temp: 21°C (day), 9°C (night)
• Crowd Level: Low to Medium

December is a strange one. It’s rainy, yes, but the clouds make Machu Picchu look mythical.

Read more about trekking to Machu Picchu during December in Mark’s handy guide.

Dry Season vs Wet Season at Machu Picchu: What You Really Need to Know

When planning a trip to Machu Picchu, the first decision isn't which trail to hike. It’s when to go. And trust me, the weather will shape your whole experience. 

I’ve hiked under powder-blue skies where every stone glowed golden, and I’ve squelched my way down muddy paths, soaked through but grinning like a loon. Here’s how the two main seasons stack up:

Dry Season (May to September)

If you're dreaming of sunny skies, epic sunrise shots, and dust-free boots (well, mostly), this is your window. It’s technically winter in Peru, but don’t let that fool you. 

The days are usually sunny and warm, with chilly nights that’ll make you grateful for a good pair of woolly socks. It’s also the peak season for trekking Machu Picchu.

What to Expect:

• Clear skies: Your chances of cloudless views over the ruins are highest now. Perfect for photography.
• Cool mornings, warm days: You’ll start in layers, strip down to a t-shirt by midday, then layer back up come sunset.
• Crowds: The secret's out. You’ll be sharing the trail with plenty of other adventurers, especially in June, July, and August.
• Trail conditions: Dry and generally easier to walk. Less mud, fewer slips, more grip!

What to Pack:

• Lightweight, layerable clothing
• Sunblock and sunglasses (seriously, the high-altitude sun is no joke)
• A decent headlamp if you’re starting early
• Thermals or fleece for night-time chills
• Comfy, broken-in hiking boots

Dry season mornings are freezing. I once wore gloves for the first hour of the Inca Trail and felt like a very lost Sherlock Holmes. Don’t underestimate the temperature swing between dawn and midday.

If you decide to go during the peak season, you will need to book early to grab one of the 500 permits issued on the Inca Trail each day.

Wet Season (October to April)

Now, this is where Machu Picchu transforms into a misty dreamland. Yes, you’ll get wet. Yes, there’s mud. But oh, the greenery. 

The landscape bursts into life like something out of a Studio Ghibli film. And if you’re the kind who loves a dramatic sky or fewer tourists photobombing your perfect llama shot, this is your season.

What to Expect:

• Frequent rain showers: Especially in January and February. But they tend to come in bursts. You might still get sunshine on either side.
• Lush vegetation: Ferns, orchids, and moss turn the Sacred Valley into a fairytale.
• Cloud drama: Epic foggy views, sunbeams breaking through like divine interventions.
• Lower foot traffic: Fewer people on the trails means more space for your inner explorer.

The Inca Trail is closed in February for maintenance, but Machu Picchu itself remains open. Trains and alternative treks like Salkantay are still available. Trails can be slippery, especially on the descent. Good grip is your best friend.

What to Pack:

• A proper rain jacket (go waterproof and breathable)
• Quick-dry clothing (cotton is your enemy here)
• Waterproof boots and a poncho or backpack cover
• Spare socks (and a dry bag for said socks)
• Hiking poles for balance

There’s something magical about arriving at the Sun Gate with mist swirling around you and then watching it clear like a curtain lifting. You feel like Indiana Jones. Damp Indiana Jones, but still.

Bonus: A Quick Look at Shoulder Months

April and October are those rare gems. These are transitional months where you get the best of both worlds. 

Apri offers green landscapes, improving trail conditions and fewer crowds. 

On the other hand, October brings warm days, vibrant scenery, and occasional dramatic skies without full-blown monsoon vibes.

So Which Season Is Better?

Honestly? It depends on what kind of adventurer you are. If you’re all about picture-perfect weather and don’t mind crowds, the dry season is your ticket. 

If you love moody landscapes, spontaneous adventures, and can handle getting a little muddy, the wet season has its own unique charm.

Me? I’ve done both, and I’d do them again in a heartbeat. Just maybe not in the same year. My boots still haven’t forgiven me.

Machu Picchu Through the Seasons: What You’ll Feel, See, and Wear

Here’s the thing: Peru’s in the Southern Hemisphere, which means its seasons are flipped from what most travellers are used to. Summer is in December. Winter is in June.

And the weather? Well, it’s cheeky. It doesn’t always follow the rules. Because Machu Picchu sits at about 2,430 metres (that’s 7,970 feet if you still think in feet), the climate is mountain subtropical. Which is a fancy way of saying “expect surprises.”

So while the wet and dry seasons are more useful for planning, this breakdown gives you a feel for what to expect during the actual calendar seasons.

Spring (September to November)

Spring marks the end of the dry season and the slow return of rain. Think warmer days, the odd afternoon shower, and landscapes starting to green up again. 

Flowers start to bloom, and Machu Picchu looks like it’s waking up from a dry-season nap.

Spring is best for shoulder-season lovers who want a balance of good weather and fewer crowds. It’s a bit of a secret sweet spot. But you’ll have to layer up! 

You’ll want breathable gear for sunny hikes, plus a waterproof shell for surprise sprinkles. Don’t forget a hat. It’s still very bright out there.

I did a September hike once where it was sunny in the morning, cloudy by lunch, and I was in a rainstorm by the time I got to the hot springs. Wild ride. Totally worth it.

My Pro tip: Check out this handy guide on what to pack for Machu Picchu.

Summer (December to February)

Machu Picchu summer is Hot, humid, and wet. This is also the peak rainy season. Showers can be intense but short-lived. 

I find they’re typically just long enough to soak you and make the trail feel like a Slip ’N Slide. Everything is outrageously green, and clouds create dramatic backdrops around the ruins. 

Summer is best for adventurers who don’t mind a bit of mud and want vibrant scenery without the tourist mobs. The season is also perfect for train travellers and anyone avoiding high-altitude hikes. 

So what do you wear for summer? Quick-dry everything, a rain jacket, waterproof boots, and a sense of humour. I once saw a rainbow inside the ruins. That’s how wet and sunny it was at the same time. You don’t get that kind of magic in spreadsheets.

Autumn (March to May)

During autumn the rain tapers off, skies clear, and you’re left with some of the most photogenic days of the year. The trails are greener than in peak dry season, but no longer soggy. Nights start cooling down.

Autumn is perfect for first-timers, photographers, and anyone who wants good weather without high-season hassle. April and May are especially dreamy.

I recommend taking light layers for daytime, warmer gear for nights and still bring the rain jacket, just in case.

Winter (June to August)

Winter is marked by dry, cold nights and clear, sunny days. This is when Machu Picchu is most “Instagram-ready.”

Sadly, winter is also when it’s the most crowded. Days are gloriously bright and crisp; nights will have you burrowing into your sleeping bag like a pisco-marinated burrito.

Winter is great for those who want optimal trekking conditions and don’t mind sharing the trail with every gap-year student and their cousin.

Ready to go out during winter? Grab some thermal base layers, sun protection, and warm evening wear (beanie, gloves, fleece, the works).

My Go-To Weather Apps for Machu Picchu Travel

Let’s be honest. When you're planning a trek through misty mountains and ancient ruins, your weather app becomes your new best friend.

I’ve tested a few in the wild (literally), and these are the ones I swear by when wandering around the Sacred Valley:

1. Windy

Windy offers detailed wind, rain, and cloud forecasts on an animated map. It’s oddly hypnotic and incredibly accurate for mountainous regions. You can check forecast models side-by-side. Perfect when the Inca gods are being unpredictable.

2. Yr.no

Yr.no offers Scandinavian precision for Andean adventures. This Norwegian app is weirdly good at forecasting mountain weather. I love Yr.no because it provides hour-by-hour forecasts and low data usage, which helps when you’re on a dodgy signal.

3. AccuWeather

AccuWeather is a solid all-rounder with reliable rain alerts and a good “RealFeel” temp reading (because 18°C can feel like 10°C at altitude). My favourite feature? Customisable alerts. I use them to know when to pack the poncho before I hear the thunder.

4. Weather Underground

The last Machu Picchu weather app on my list is Weather Underground. I love this app because of the crowd-sourced weather reports. 

Crowd-sourced reports mean you’re getting updates from people nearby, sometimes even fellow trekkers. These hyperlocal forecasts are the closest thing to getting a weather update from your trail guide via crystal ball.

And on that note, here’s a vital tip: Signal can vanish faster than a llama dodging a selfie. Always ask your guide for the next day's forecast.

They often get localised updates from the tour operators or just know from decades of experience. Also, trust the clouds. If the locals start pulling out ponchos, you probably should too.

My Final Thoughts

At the end of the day (or the end of the trek) Machu Picchu is magic no matter what the skies are doing.

I’ve stood on those ancient stones drenched to the bone, and I’ve basked in sunlight with a smug SPF-slicked grin.

Every time, it felt like a gift. The kind of place that reminds you how small you are… and how wonderful that can be.

So yes, plan ahead. Pack smart. Use the apps. But don’t let the forecast decide your adventure.

Whether you go in soggy February or crisp July, there’s something unforgettable waiting for you there. Just bring your sense of wonder. And maybe an extra pair of socks.

You may also like:

• Trek to Machu Picchu
• Ultimate Guide to the Inca Trail
• Facts about Lake Titicaca
• Rainbow Mountain Trek
• How to see Humantay Lake

9 Animals You’ll Want to See in Peru (and Where to Find Them)

Peru isn’t just biodiverse! It’s a full-blown Noah’s Ark. 

With over 1,800 bird species, hundreds of mammals, and an Amazon jungle that practically hums with life, this country gives wildlife lovers a front-row seat. 

Whether you're hiking the Andes or gliding through jungle rivers, these are the nine animals you’ll want on your wildlife bingo card.

Now. Are you ready for my list of must-see animals in Peru? Let’s start with one of my favourites. The Andean Condor.

1. Andean Condor

One of the largest flying birds in the world, the Andean condor is basically a feathered glider the size of a small plane. 

Sacred to the Incas and seriously impressive in flight, these high-flying heavyweights are best spotted in Colca Canyon, where they surf the thermals like pros. 

My Pro Tip: Bring binoculars and maybe a neck brace for all the staring up.

These birds are iconic. With a wingspan that can reach over three metres, the condor is a powerful symbol of freedom and the sky in Andean mythology. 

The best time to catch them in action is early morning, when the sun starts heating the cliffs and they take to the air in search of thermals (and the occasional unlucky carcass).

You’re not likely to see one up close, but when they glide past, silently and effortlessly, it feels like watching a god fly by.

2. Red Howler Monkey

These jungle dwellers don’t do subtle. If you’re trekking through the Amazon, especially around Tambopata or Manu, their guttural calls will sound like the rainforest is possessed by demons or didgeridoos on steroids. 

You can easily spot them swinging between trees, usually in small family groups, giving side-eye to anyone below.

The sound of a red howler monkey is surreal. They use their howls to establish territory and keep rival groups at bay, and they can be heard up to three miles away through the dense jungle. 

While they’re not super flashy to look at (reddish fur, long limbs, wise-old-man expressions), their vocal performance is unforgettable. You’ll likely hear them during dawn or dusk when the jungle orchestra is warming up.

3. Vicuña

Imagine a llama, but with anxiety and better hair. 

Vicuñas are shy, sleek, and prized for their ultra-soft wool (seriously, it’s rarer than gold in these parts). 

You’ll find them at high elevations around Arequipa, especially in Salinas y Aguada Blanca Reserve, grazing with all the elegance of runway models who hate being watched.

Unlike their more sociable llama and alpaca cousins, vicuñas are totally wild and can’t be domesticated. 

Their wool is considered one of the finest in the world, and it’s collected only once every few years through a traditional Inca-style ceremony called a chakku. 

They spook easily, so you’ll want to keep your distance with a zoom lens if you're hoping for a good photo. That said, just seeing them silhouetted against the mountains is like catching a glimpse of an Andean fairy tale.

4. Yellow-Spotted Amazon River Turtle

Slow? Sure. Adorable? Absolutely. 

These turtles chill along Amazonian waterways and oxbow lakes. Visit jungle lodges near Iquitos or Puerto Maldonado and you might see them sunbathing or nesting. 

My Bonus Tip: Some eco-tours let you help release baby turtles. Spoiler: you will get emotionally attached.

These turtles play a crucial role in the Amazon’s ecosystem, helping to keep aquatic plant life in check and providing tasty eggs for all sorts of hungry predators. 

Conservation efforts are growing, with some lodges offering community-led initiatives to protect nesting sites and boost hatchling survival.

Check out some of the best 

If you’re lucky enough to be there during nesting season (usually between July and November), watching a baby turtle shuffle toward the river is one of those once-in-a-lifetime wildlife moments that makes you whisper “go little buddy, go!”

5. Jaguar

Let’s be honest: this one’s a unicorn. 

Rare, elusive, and gloriously powerful, jaguars live in Manu National Park, one of Peru’s most pristine jungle reserves. 

Your best shot? A multi-day river expedition deep into the Amazon. Even if you don’t spot one, just knowing they're out there adds an electric edge to every rustle in the bushes.

Jaguars are apex predators, perfectly adapted for stealth and strength. They’re solitary, mostly nocturnal, and like to stalk the banks of jungle rivers in search of caiman, capybara, and unlucky tapirs.

Even seasoned guides will tell you a sighting is rare, but it’s not impossible. There have been documented cases of jaguars lounging on riverbanks, unfazed by quiet boats drifting past. 

My Pro Tip: Bring a guide with a solid track record and a serious camera. If you do spot one, you’ll want proof.

6. Glass Frog

This tiny wonder looks like it was made in a lab. You can literally see its internal organs through its translucent belly.

Found in humid cloud forests near Cusco or the Manu region, glass frogs are best spotted at night with a guide who knows what to look for. Prepare to geek out.

Their see-through skin isn’t just for show! It’s a kind of camouflage, helping them blend into the damp leaves they call home. 

They’re usually no bigger than a 50p coin, which makes spotting them a satisfying challenge for the detail-obsessed. 

If you’re hiking with a flashlight in hand and a guide who can identify frog calls, your odds of seeing one leap significantly (pun absolutely intended). Just be gentle with your light. These little guys are sensitive.

7. Blue Morpho Butterfly

A living jewel with wings as big as your palm. One flash of electric blue through the jungle and you’ll forget all about mosquitoes. 

Commonly seen around Amazon lodges, especially near Tambopata, these butterflies are the unofficial mascots of jungle wanderlust.

Interestingly, that shimmering blue isn’t from pigment. It’s from microscopic structures on their wings that reflect light, like a natural disco ball. 

When their wings close, they vanish into brown, leaf-like camouflage. But when they open mid-flight? It’s like catching a flash of magic. 

They’re drawn to sunlit paths, riverbanks, and (oddly) sweaty shirts, so don’t be surprised if one lands on you mid-hike. Just smile and let your friends believe you're the butterfly whisperer.

8. Black Caiman

Imagine a crocodile, but moodier and sneakier. These nocturnal predators rule the Amazon's rivers and lakes, especially near Heath River and Madre de Dios. 

Most sightings happen on night safaris when their eyes glow red in torchlight. Spooky? Yes. Cool? Also yes.

They’re much bigger than they look at first glance. Some grow over five metres long, and yes, they can take down large prey. 

But despite the horror-film vibes, black caiman are more cautious than aggressive. 

If you’re in a canoe or boat, guides know how to safely spot them without getting too close. The trick is to scan with a torch and look for the tell-tale red glow of their eyes reflecting back from the riverbank. It’s a heart-thumping moment, in the best possible way.

9. Spectacled Bear

Paddington Bear’s real-life relative is rare, shaggy, and surprisingly shy. 

The only bear species in South America, spectacled bears are found in cloud forests of northern Peru, though they’ve also been spotted near Machu Picchu itself.

My Pro Tip: Check out Alison’s guide on what animals you can see at Machu Picchu. It’s super detailed!

For the spectacled bear? Chaparri Reserve is your best bet. Just don’t expect marmalade sandwiches.

Their name comes from the pale markings around their eyes, which often look like spectacles or the start of a very fancy eye mask.

Each bear’s markings are unique, like a fingerprint. Despite their stocky appearance, they’re excellent climbers and often hang out in trees eating bromeliads and fruits.

Conservation projects have helped stabilise their numbers, and Chaparri even runs a rehabilitation centre for rescued bears, where you can learn more and potentially see one snoozing in the shade.

My Final Thoughts

If there’s one thing Peru taught me, it’s that adventure doesn’t end with ruins or mountain passes. it begins with the rustle in the trees, the shadow overhead, or the sound of a monkey screaming like it’s fronting a metal band.

I went to Peru thinking I’d be chasing postcards of Machu Picchu. I didn’t expect to fall head-over-hiking-boots for the animals.

If you’ve got a love for wildlife, or even just a vague interest in things that crawl, fly, roar, or shimmer, Peru will knock your wool socks off. 

Whether you’re watching turtles hatch on a riverbank or scanning treetops for howlers, these encounters turn a good trip into an unforgettable one.

So pack the binoculars, embrace the mud, and never underestimate the power of standing still in the jungle. You never know what might be watching you back.

You may also like:

• Trek to Machu Picchu
• Ultimate Guide to the Inca Trail
• Facts about Lake Titicaca
• Rainbow Mountain Trek
• How to see Humantay Lake

Nazca Lines Peru

Where Are The Nazca Lines?

The Nazca Lines are located about 400 kilometres / 250 miles south of Lima. The shapes are located in an almost 75,000-ha area of the Nazca desert.

This part of the plateau is known as Pampas de Jumana and located between the towns of Nazca and Palpa. The most famous shapes of the Nazca lines are just south of San Miguel.

What Are The Nazca Lines?

There are many theories about what the purpose of the Nazca Lines was.

For a long time, the accepted idea was that the markings are astrological markers. The designs show where the sun, moon, and some stars rise and set on important days. For example, when the Summer Solstice and Winter Equinox occurs.

Other researchers proposed that the patterns represent star constellations or counter-constellations. Counter constellations are the dark patches between stars. This has been disproved by more conclusive research over time.

In 1985, an archeologist named Johan Reinhard published a new paper on the matter. He proposed that the lines were markers for rituals and worship locations.

The lines were likely used to conduct ceremonies for summoning water. This idea has been backed up by the fact that many animal figures are linked to rain or crop fertility in ancient Peruvian culture.

There is no real way to prove or disprove this theory. In the future, we might draw other conclusions based on new discoveries made on the Nazca lines.

You may also like:

• Inca Trail ruins
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How To See The Nazca Lines

The best way to see the Nazca Lines is from above in a small aircraft. This is especially true for the larger shapes which you won't be able to make out from ground level.

Where To Book Nazca Lines Flights

There are several airports located in towns near Lima that sell Nazca flights. Flights from the town of Nazca are the cheapest by far. You can expect to pay between $80-$100 for a 30–40-minute flight.

Pisco airport is a small airport in the beach town of Paracas, located roughly 400 kilometres / 250 miles by road from Lima. Pisco airport almost exclusively offers flights over the Nazca lines. These flights are longer (1 hour and 40 minutes) and more expensive (from $250).

Nazca Lines flights depart daily from both airports in Pisco and Nazca.

What To Expect On A Nazca Lines Flight

You should arrive at the airport at least 30 minutes before the flight to see the Nazca lines.

Small planes take 10-12 people, and everyone gets a window seat so they can see clearly over the landscape.

If you are tall, your legs will probably be a bit cramped on these smaller aircrafts.

Over the Nazca desert, conditions are quite gusty. In a small plane, you will feel every move and jolt.

If you have never flown in a similar craft, prepare for some stunt moves. The pilots dive and bank so that passengers have a better view of the lines. It’s worth taking motion sickness pills along (and noting where the bags are stored!).

The pilots are good at making sure everyone sees all of the lines. They usually give a heads-up on when and where to point your camera. Flights last about 30- 75 minutes.

When Is The Best Time To Fly The Nazca Lines?

I recommend that you take a morning flight. This is when the sun is not directly overhead, and shadows make the lines clearer. You will be able to clearly see the different animals and patterns at this early light.

Also, earlier in the day, there is usually less wind. This makes for smoother, more enjoyable flying conditions.

Can I see the Nazca Lines from the Ground?

Even without a flight, the designs and patterns of the Nazca lines can be seen from high vantage points. You just need to get up into the surrounding hillsides.

There are also observation towers set up near Nazca. The most popular of these viewing towers is called the Pan American Road Mirador.

From this observation tower, you can see the tree, hands, and some of the lizard formations. From Nazca, you can take a bus to the tower for 10 soles. You will pay another 3 soles to climb up to the platform.

Once you have spent some time at the viewpoint, take a short walk (about 1 km / 0.6 miles) back towards town.

There is a small hill where you can walk up for free. From the top, you will have a 360° view of the Nazca lines in all directions.

When you are ready, you can wait on the roadside for a bus. Make sure you are standing on the correct side of the road. If you wave them down, a 9/10 bus will stop for you. The fare is only a few soles.

Nazca Lines History

Below is a brief and fascinating history of the Nazca lines. 

Who made the Nazca Lines?

Almost 2000 years before the Incan Empire, ancient people living in the Nazca desert etched these giant images into the sand. The Nazca lines were created in two different phases:

The Nazca Phase 200 (BC-500 AD)

It is believed that the Nazca people are responsible for creating most of the lines.

The Paracas Phase (400-200 BC)

A few of the geoglyphs pre-date even the Nazca culture. These are attributed to the Paracas people. Most Paracas remains are found in the nearby regions of Pisco, Ica, and Chincha.

Scientists confirmed the age of these lines using advanced carbon dating technology. They also examined stakes that had been left in the lines. These stakes were used for marking out the designs.

How Were The Nazca Lines Made?

The desert is covered in stones and sand coated with iron oxide. This gives the surface a deep red color.

The lines were made by scraping depressions in the desert surface. Stones were also removed to expose the light grey soil below. The lines of pale earth stand out from the darker surface.

The lines were marked out with stakes and then dug with basic tools. Most of the Nazca lines are 10-15 cm (4-6 inches) deep. On average, these etchings are 30-33cm (11-13 inches) wide. However, in some of the patterns, the lines are almost 2m (6.5 ft) wide.

Who Discovered the Nazca Lines?

The Nazca lines were first mentioned in literature in 1553. A Spanish author named Pedro Cieza de Leon noted the lines in his book ‘Cronicas del Peru’ (Chronicles of Peru). He described the lines as trail markers.

In the 20th century, commercial and military pilots saw the lines on flights over the area. Before the invention of airplanes, it was impossible to make out the shape of the designs from ground level.

In 1940, Paul Kosk, an American historian, became the first person to actually study the Nazca Lines. Together with other academics, he suggested that the lines were astrological markers.

Nazca Lines Facts

How Many Nazca Lines Are There?

By 2020, more than 1200 Nazca Lines had been identified. This includes around 800 straight lines, 300 geometric forms, and almost 70 figures of animals and plants.

The following are some of the most famous Nazca Lines shapes:

• Hummingbird (93m / 104ft)
• Condor (134m / 440ft)
• Monkey (93m / 305ft by 58m / 190ft)
• Spider (47m / 104ft)
• Tree
• Flower

A Nazca Lines Cat was discovered in 2020. This figure is on a steeper slope and has undergone some erosion. It is not as clear as the other figures.

There is also a whale, cactus, duck, lizard, and llama amongst others. Researchers believe there are a lot more Nazca Lines to be found.

Nazca Lines Astronaut

Humanoid forms are surprisingly rare amongst the Nazca designs. One famous human figure is the Nazca Lines Astronaut. People who first saw this design thought it resembled a man in a spacesuit. Of course, this triggered some wild theories about aliens in Peru!

In reality, it is much more likely that the ‘Astronaut’ of Nazca Lines is a fisherman. Recent interpretations show him holding a fish and a net.

How Big Are The Nazca Lines?

The Nazca lines cover an area of 50 square kilometres (about 31 square miles). If you added them all together, the lines would have a total length of 1,300km / 800 miles. The biggest shapes are about 370m / 1,214 ft in length.

How Are The Nazca Lines Preserved?

Nazca lines were preserved thanks to natural conditions. The desert climate in the Nazca desert is very stable. There is less than an inch of rain each year. On the surface, there is also almost no wind.

Because of this, there has been very little soil movement over the years. This is why we can still see the shapes today. If for some reason, the area experiences weather changes, the lines could easily be washed away.

The Nazca Lines were declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1994. This at least gives the area some form of legal protection from human damage.

Were The Nazca Lines Made By Aliens?

Over the years, there has been a lot of debate on the origins of the lines. The mythical-looking shapes have also inspired some theories of aliens.

Today, we know it was entirely possible for ancient people to create these patterns. They were able to etch out these gigantic forms using tools and methods available at the time. No need for extraterrestrial assistance.

Vulnerability Of Nazca Lines - GreenPeace and Other Damages

Even though they have existed for so long, the lines are superficial. Human impact can easily damage the geoglyphs. The lines have already been damaged on several occasions over the years:

2012

Squatters illegally occupied the area. Domestic pigs roamed around, treading on and impacting some of the lines.

2012 and 2013

4x4 vehicles damaged some of the Nazca lines. This was during a Dakar rally held outside the bounds of the declared Heritage site.

2014 

Greenpeace activists damaged the area close to the Nazca lines hummingbird. Protestors set up a banner as part of a publicity stunt aimed at the UN Climate talks in Lima. Instead of making a statement, they left marks and footprints around the sacred markings. Needless to say, the Peruvian government was unimpressed. One activist was fined. Greenpeace also issued a public apology to the people of Peru.

2018

A truck left tire marks across three of the main images when he made an illegal U-turn. He was arrested and then released as there was no proof of intentional vandalism.

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Arequipa Attractions

How To Get to Arequipa

Arequipa is located about 500km / 310 miles south of Cusco. You can fly into Arequipa from either Lima or Cusco.

If you have more time or are on a tight budget, you can take the bus. Multiple bus companies run routes between these major cities.

Another alternative is to travel by train. Belmond’s Andean Explorer offers a luxury train between Cusco, Arequipa, and Puno. This luxury ticket also allows you to explore Lake Titicaca.

The 10 Best Things to do In Arequipa

1. Trek Colca Canyon

Colca Canyon is the number one reason tourists end up in Arequipa. This huge canyon is around 3,400m / 11,155 ft at its deepest point. It may surprise you to know that this is twice as deep as the world-famous Grand Canyon.

Daily sightseeing tours depart from Arequipa to the canyon. Feeling more adventurous? Trekkers can spend two or three days hiking the Colca Canyon trails.

Viewpoints over the canyon are a good opportunity to see Condors. You can also soak in natural hot springs or go ziplining over this massive ravine. 

2. Get Your Adrenaline Fix White Water Rafting

When I first saw whitewater rafting advertised in Arequipa, I didn’t have any expectations.

 The tours were cheap and I doubted that decent rapids existed in this dry landscape. Boy was I wrong!

You can choose from morning or afternoon tours. The company picks you up from your hostel and takes you to their office.

Here, you will put on a wetsuit, life jacket, booties, and a splash jacket. When everyone's dressed, you will get back on the bus and drive 10 minutes up the river. 

The inflatable boats take four people each, plus a guide. I received a short but sufficient briefing on safety. I also learned some signals which we’d need on the rapids. Then we were off!

This turned out to be much less of a Mickey-Mouse excursion than anticipated. Most of the rapids are fairly easy (level 1 or 2) but there are some hair-raising level 3’s and even a level 4 rapid or two. 

At times, I thought the little boat was a goner. Luckily, the guides are professionals at ‘guiding gringos down white water’. If you are not an overly anxious person, this is a super fun experience! 

Almost every tour office sells 3-hour rafting tours for 40 soles. With a little Spanish, you can immediately get a small discount. 

3. People watch in Arequipa Plaza De Armas or Mirador Yanahuara 

Plaza de Armas and Mirador Yanahuara are two of Arequipas most popular plazas. There is always a fascinating blend of locals and tourists under the palm trees in these squares.

Appreciate the simplicity that comes with sipping coffee and making small talk on a park bench. Children blow bubbles and play around the fountains. Street musicians provide the perfect background music.

Plaza de Armas is the heart of Arequipa's historic and tourist area. The plaza is surrounded by classic white architecture. Most magnificent of all buildings is the renowned spired Basilica.

The Yanahuara viewpoint is a much smaller park. You will find it in the Yanahuara neighborhood, a 15-minute walk across the river from Plaza de Armas.

This is a popular spot to take a picture under white stone arches with the El Misti Volcano in the background.

4. Meet a Mummy

Jaunita is probably the most famous 14-year-old in Peru. Sadly, she has been dead for over 500 years. The girl was a citizen of the Incan empire and sacrificed sometime between 1440 and 1480.

Child sacrifices were a common Incan practice. These rituals were done to appease Pachamama and avoid natural disasters.

The mummy is also known as the Lady of Ampato as she was discovered on Mount Ampato. This dormant volcano can be seen from Arequipa. The ice on top of the volcano preserved the body particularly well. 

You can find Juanita at Museo Santuarios Andinos. For an entrance fee of 20 soles ($6), you will get a guided tour of the museum. You will also be shown some artifacts that were discovered alongside the mummy in 1995. 

5. Tour A Nunnery - Monastario de Santa Catalina

The Santa Catalina Monastery is like exploring a hidden city within the city. Maria de Guzman founded this establishment in 1579. She was, by all accounts, a very wealthy widow. 

Back then, it was a great privilege to join the monastery. Families paid a high price for their daughters to get in.

Only nuns entered the monastery for almost 400 years. Back in the day, around 400 nuns were residents. Today, only 20 nuns live here.

In 1970, their doors were opened to the public. Monasterio de Santa Catalina is a photographer's heaven. When you enter, you are immediately taken aback by the beauty of the rough, painted walls and terracotta flowerpots. You can spend hours in this maze of narrow streets.

The monastery is open from Monday-Sunday between 9am to 6pm. On Thursdays, the gates are open until 8:30 for evening tours.  

The entrance fee costs 45 soles. This is pretty steep as far as historical attractions go. However, I do think it is worth it. Plus, you will get an interesting guided tour.

6. Eat your way through the city

Arequipa is often referred to as the Foodie Capital of Peru. Here, you will find a blend of local specialties together with typical Peruvian and international dishes.

As far as restaurants go, Paprika is a good choice for traditional meals prepared to high standards. 

If you are craving something spicy, India Indian Cuisine does a good curry. Prana Vegan Club is unbeatable value with its 12-15 soles lunch menu.

Don’t miss a chance to try some of Peru’s most famous street food. Look out for small carts beside the streets with the following Peruvian favourites:

Papa Rellenas

These are potato pockets stuffed with minced beef, vegetables, and egg.

Chicharron sandwich

A sandwich filled with a slice of deep-fried pork. 

Tamales

These are savory, steamed corn pockets. Arequipa’s specialty is to stuff these snacks with Rocota rellena (red pepper) sauce.

Queso Helado (cheese ice cream)

Despite its name, this is a delicious dessert made of coconut, condensed milk, eggs and evaporated milk. You will find ladies selling queso helado from wooden barrels around the plazas.

7. Visit Salinas de Aguada Blanca National Reserve

Aguada Blanca National Reserve is just under 100km / 62 miles outside of Arequipa. Sadly, most people only stop here for 20 minutes on their way to the Colca Canyon.

Nature enthusiasts will find it worthwhile to spend at least one full day here. There are several hiking trails available to explore the reserve and look for wildlife.

All four species of South American Camelids inhabit the park. You are likely to see wild herds of llamas, vicunas, and alpacas. If you are lucky, you might even see the shyer guanacos.

Peru has its own salt flats. You can access them in the park and take some fun pictures. There are also natural hot springs to soak in during your visit. 

Not many people know it, but you can see cave paintings in Salinas de Aguada Blanca. There are animal figures on the rock in Sumbay Caves. These paintings are some of the oldest and best preserved in all of Latin America.

8. Trek to the Summit Of El Misti Volcano

El Misti is the standout, conical volcano hovering over Arequipa. The Gentleman has a maximum altitude of 5,822m / 19,101 ft. Most people are content to take pictures of this impressive feature. Others are going to find themselves itching to reach the top.

This is not your average, touristy trek though. El Misti Volcano is a proper challenge with two days of hard ascent. Many people who attempt to summit the volcano don't make it.

If you are up for the challenge, you will be rewarded with an isolated campsite high above the sparkling city of Arequipa. The 360-degree view from the smouldering volcano crater is quite breathtaking. 

9. Hang Out with the 4-legged Gang at Mundo Alpaca

Alpaca Mundo’s goal is to educate the public about the history of Peru’s textiles. The best part is that you get to feed and interact with the resident herd of Alpacas and Llamas. 

Mundo Alpaca is within walking distance from the main square in Arequipa. If you are traveling with your family, this is the perfect place to take your kids. And quite honestly, who doesn’t love an alpaca cuddle? 

There’s no pressure to buy anything, but the onsite shop does sell good quality wool products. There is also a small museum featuring different machinery and ancient textiles. 

The entrance to Mundo is absolutely free! 

10. Visit A Sillar Quarry

Most of Arequipa’s architecture is built from white volcanic stone. This is mined at several quarries on the outskirts of town. Daily tours are available to these mine sites.

For around 35 soles / $9, you will be taken to some of the main quarries. You will get a brief intro on the history and process of carving sillar. You will also have the chance to walk around and pose for photos with elaborate and large sculptures.

I wouldn’t pick this as my first activity in Arequipa though. However, if you have some time, it’s a pretty unique thing to see in Peru before heading home.

If you have a car, it’s easy to drive yourself and pay the 5 sole quarry entrance fee. You can also get there by colectivo, but the hassle of figuring out where to get on and then swap minibuses is not worth it. 

Things To Do On Lake Titicaca

Getting to Lake Titicaca

The fastest way to get to Lake Titicaca is a one-hour flight from Cusco and a 40-minute taxi ride. The cheapest way to reach the Lake is by bus. A bus journey from either Cusco or Arequipa is around 8 hours.

Buses run every day. They are safe and more comfortable than you’d expect. I’d recommend taking an overnight bus to Cusco.

Book a ticket with seats that recline 180 degrees. If you manage to sleep, the hours will fly by!

Activities In Lake Titicaca - From Puno

Uros Floating Islands

The Uros floating islands are the most famous attraction on Lake Titicaca. Boats leave almost every hour from the harbour.

You can also take a tour of the Titicaca floating islands for as little as 30 soles ($8).

It is interesting to visit the reed islands and learn about how they are made. You also get a glimpse of daily life in this unique community.

However, you should be prepared for an experience exclusively aimed at tourists.

Taquile Island - Half-Day Island Tour

If you want a more interesting trip, you can book a half-day tour that combines Taquile island with Uros.

Uros - Taquile Island Tour Itinerary

You will be picked up from your hostel or hotel around 7 am. From here, the bus takes you down to the harbor where you will board a small boat.

It takes approximately 30-60 minutes before you arrive at your first stop on the floating islands.

This is dependent on which island cluster you visit. You will then spend another hour on the island. After Uros, it is a longer ride (approximately 2 hours) to Taquile.

Taquile is a very peaceful, agricultural island community. You will take a bit of a walk up the hill and through the village to the main Plaza.

It is not a particularly tough walk. But, it is uphill and the high altitude means you will get out of breath more quickly.

See more in our guide on acclimitisation and preventing altitude sickness.

The views are beautiful from this island. In the square, you can shop at the textile store. There is often a bit of music and dancing going on. If you have the time, there is a super little cafe with the best view of the lake.

From the plaza, you will be taken to lunch at one of the local restaurants. Make sure this is included in the price when booking your tour (or bring an extra 30 soles to play it safe).

While you wait for the food, your guide will explain the symbolism of color and design in traditional outfits worn on the island.

After lunch, you will take a short walk down to where the boats are waiting. It is then a 3-hour trip back to Puno. You should reach the harbor by 4 pm.

Cost: ∓ 70 soles ($20)

Overnight Titicaca Island Tours

A Titicaca Island homestay is a chance to interact with the locals and a chance to appreciate the simple things. The way of life on these islands has remained unchanged for hundreds of years.

You can book a homestay as part of a two-day island hopping tour on Lake Titicaca. Below is the typical itinerary for a two-day island tour from Puno.

Day 1 of Titicaca Islands Tour: Puno-Uros-Amantani

You will be collected from your accommodation between 7:30- 8:00 am. Your first stop will be at one of the Uros floating islands. You will spend about an hour on the iconic reed islands.

After visiting Uros, you will get back on the boat for a 1.5-2-hour ride to Amantani island. When you get ashore, you will be welcomed by host families in their traditional outfits.

After being allocated to a family, the host will lead you to their home. From my own experience, the shared room was much less rustic than I had expected. It’s more like a nice hostel room with its own bathroom. Heads up, there is no hot water at these island homestays.

When you have seen your sleeping quarters, it will be time for lunch.

My host prepared a very simple meal of delicious quinoa soup followed by a variety of potatoes, cheese, and some salad.

All of the ingredients come from the island. The vegetables are farmed in the plots beside the houses.

After lunch, you will have some free time to explore. It's a really peaceful community with no cars or dogs around. It’s ideal for taking some good countryside photos.

Tour groups typically meet back up at 4pm to walk up to the Pachamama and Pachatata viewpoints. There are some ruins on the top of these hills and you can see right across to Bolivia. Dress warm though (jacket, gloves, beanie, scarf), it is cold and windy at the top.

Unfortunately, all the groups do this activity at the same time which feels like unnecessary crowding. Find yourself a quiet place to enjoy the sunset over the lake.

Depending on how long you spend at the top, you will get back to your host’s home around 6:30. Dinner is served shortly afterwards, which is another simple meal (usually some sort of pasta dish).

The islanders organize a bit of a party for the tour groups. This means getting dressed up in traditional clothing, don't bother fighting it! All the groups meet up for some dancing at the community hall. There are beers and cool drinks on sale.

I expected this experience to be super cringy but ended up really enjoying it. Musicians play some typical, folky music.

Most of the hosts also seem to be having a good time. It's not a long affair, lasting around 1-2 hours depending on the mood.

If this is not your thing, you absolutely have the choice not to go. However, I’d recommend giving it a shot. You might just have fun!

Day 2 of Titicaca Islands Tour: Amantani-Taquile-Puno

You will start the day with a 7am breakfast, then head down to the boats by 8am. Say goodbye to your hosts and board the lake taxis. It is about an hour from Taquile Island. Here, you will take a bit of a walk, visit the plaza, and have an early lunch. You will have the same itinerary as the 1-day tour (see above).

After lunch, you will return to Puno, which is roughly a 3-3.5-hour trip on the boat. You should get back to the harbor around 3:30pm where a van will be waiting to transfer you to your hotel or the bus terminal.

Cost: I paid 140 soles ($35) without shopping around. I felt like this was a fair price. Make sure that you get lunch included on Day 2 of your tour.

In the morning, the lake is flat and the boat ride is smooth. Later, the wind picks up and there is some swell.

Most people do not get motion-sickness on Lake Titicaca. However, it might be worth taking some tablets with you for multi-island trips, just in case.

Kayaking on Lake Titicaca

Kayaking is one of the only available water activities on Lake Titicaca. Kayaking on Titicaca is over a short distance. You can book a tour even if you have no paddling experience.

Kayaking tours start at 8am or an alternative 10am pick up from your accommodation in town. You will then take a short drive to Coya point, located on the north side of Puno where the kayaking companies are based. Here, you will get a safety briefing as well as a lifejacket.

Most companies have single and double kayaks available. Ask beforehand if you have a preference for either type of kayak.

You will spend about 2-3 hours on the water at most, paddling beside totora reeds where you can see waterbirds close up. With the stops in-between, it is about 1.5-2 hours of actual kayaking at an easy pace.

You will also go to one of the closer floating islands. Depending on what you have booked, you may have a simple lunch on the island. After a tour of the island, most Titicaca kayaking trips continue on to Puno harbor. This is where the trip ends.

In total, the tours last 4-5 hours from pick up to drop off.

If you book online, you will pay around $65 for this tour. It is better to book in Puno where you can find floating island kayak tours for 85 soles ($20), which works out cheaper.

I was hoping to be able to rent a kayak on Lake Titicaca. Sadly, I couldn’t find a company willing to let me take out a boat on my own.

If you have managed to go kayaking solo on Lake Titicaca, please drop us a message in the comment section below with your insights and recommendations.

Visit The Lake Titicaca Ruins

Sillustani is about a 30km / 18.6-mile drive from Puno. These towers or chullpas pre-date the Incan civilization and were built in the 10th century AC by the Colla tribe.

Chullpas are funerary towers which are believed to have been reserved for the remains of nobility. Each tower housed one family. A half-day tour to Sillustani costs about 40 soles ($10).

From Puno, you can also take a full-day trip to Aramu Muro Doorway. This site is about 65km / 40miles south of Puno. In the Village of the Spirits, you will look for hidden symbols and make an offering to Mother Earth.

Trips to Arama Muro are usually combined with visiting Chucuito. This famous Temple of Fertility is known for its many phallic structures.

Read more about Lake Titicaca ruins.

La Candalaria Festival

This is a Catholic festival to honor the Virgin Mary. It is the party of the year in both Puno and Copacabana. Puno is the bigger of the two towns and generally throws a better fiesta.

Expect lots of street parades, music, dancing, and traditional costumes. There is also plenty of local food and snacks on offer.

If you want to catch the La Candalaria festivities, then you need to be around Lake Titicaca in the first two weeks of February.

Activities in Lake Titicaca - From Copacabana

Copacabana, on the Bolivian side, is smaller than Puno. Visiting the lake from this side feels more off the beaten track. Despite its small size, Copacabana has enough Titicaca activities to be worth a few days' stop.

Watch the Sunset on Isla de Sol

Isla de Sol (Island of the Sun) is the biggest island on Lake Titicaca. According to Incan legend, Huiracocha, the sun and moon god, came from this island and created the world. Isla del Sol is a sacred place in South America with strong spiritual significance.

You can visit this island on a day trip or stay overnight. It is worth staying overnight to watch the sunset from the top of the island.

Isla de Sol also has a gold museum where you can see many ancient Incan artifacts. It is also easy to visit Isla del Sol's neighbor, Isla de la Luna.

Hike up Copacabana’s Viewpoints

Copacabana has some great viewpoints. Cerro El Calvario is the most popular lookout above the town. It is a steep walk up this hill that takes just over 30 minutes.

At the top, you can light a candle to bring luck, money or love into your life. This is a classic viewpoint to watch the sunset over Lake Titicaca.

Horca del Inca or the Incan Observatory is a lesser-known spot. This rocky hill is behind the town. You will need to pay an entrance fee of 10 soles, but it is well worth it.

Holes in the rocks were used as astrological observation points. The area is kept very clean (at least when I visited).

If you are a little adventurous, keep winding your way up to get right to the top of the hill. You will be rewarded with an epic view, which you’ll have all to yourself.

Walk or Bike to Yumpumpata

Yumpumpata is a small town around 17km / 10 miles from Copacabana. To get there, you will follow a quiet dirt road alongside the lake. You will pass by small farms and the occasional cow or alpaca herdsman.

There are a few shops in town where you can rent bicycles. If you are going to walk to Yumpumpata, it's a good idea to return by colectivo (or vice versa).

Planning a trip to Lake Titicaca? Be sure to also read this article on the Best Hotels in Lake Titicaca.

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Colca Canyon Peru

Where Is Colca Canyon?

Colca Canyon lies about 160km / 100miles northwest of Arequipa in the south of Peru. You can fly to Arequipa from Lima or Cusco with buses running daily between these main cities.

You can book tours, arrange transport and prepare for your trek from Arequipa. There is a lot to see around Peru’s White City.

Consider spending a few days in Arequipa before or after you visit Colca Canyon.

From Arequipa, it is a 4–6-hour drive (210km / 130 miles) to get to Cabanaconde, a small town right on the edge of the Colca Canyon.

The drive takes you past Chachani and El Misti Volcano. You will also cross the vast plains of Salinas and Aguada Blanca National Park.

Colca Canyon Facts

Before planning a trip to Colca Canyon, it's a good idea to do some research on the area. Below are four interesting (and surprising) facts you might not have known before about one of Peru's largest and most fascinating natural wonders. 

Colca Canyon is twice as deep as the Grand Canyon.

Colca Canyon is one of the best places to see Condors.

There are people living in the Colca Canyon.

There are hot springs near Colca Canyon.

Colca Canyon Tours vs Colca Canyon Treks

It's important to know that the tours to Colca Canyon are different from treks. Most of the tours are focused on sightseeing around Colca Canyon. Very little hiking is involved in these excursions.

Be very sure you know and are happy with the itinerary before you book a tour. Later in this article, I will look at treks and trekking tours in Colca Canyon.

Colca Canyon 1-Day Tour Itinerary

Tours depart from Arequipa around 3am in the morning (No, that’s not a typo!). From there, you will then drive to Chivay where you will stop for breakfast.

After eating, you will continue to the lookout point. Here, you will spend about 40 minutes spotting Condors and admiring views of the canyon.

Next, most Colca Canyon tours go to Chivay Hot springs. You will need to pay an extra 15 soles for entrance. You will spend an hour at the hot springs before getting on the bus back to Arequipa.

On the way back, you will make a 15-minute stop at Salinas y Aguada Blanca National Reserve. Hopefully, you will see some wild alpacas, llamas, and Vicunas during your visit.

Colca Canyon 2D/1N Tour Itinerary

Day 1

A two-day Colca Canyon tour gets going a little later (around 8am). You will stop in Salinas y Aguada Blanca National Reserve with a volcano viewpoint on your way to Chivay.

Groups spend the night in Chivay. When you arrive here, it will be time for lunch. Enjoy some free time in the afternoon with the option of a short hike into the Canyon. In the evening, you can visit the hot springs.

Day 2

After breakfast, you will be driven to Cruz del Condor viewpoint. You will spend about 40 minutes here, then go to one or two other points of interest in the area. Most companies visit Atahuilque (a viewpoint and Incan site) and Maca (a traditional town and craft market).

Afterwards, you will return to Chivay for lunch. This final meal is not included in most tour prices.

After lunch, you will make the long trip back to Arequipa.

Please Note: There are options for booking 2-day tours that continue on to Puno. This is a good option if you plan to visit Lake Titicaca or the world-famous floating islands of Uros. These packages can also be customized. You can add or exclude meals, special tours of the Lake Titicaca ruins, accommodation in Lake Titicaca, and entrance fees. It works out cheaper to arrange these things yourself.

How Much Does A Colca Canyon Tour Cost?

Online prices start from $50 for a full-day Colca Canyon tour. A two-day tour costs about $80. It's almost half the price if you book your tour directly in Arequipa ($40 / 160 soles).

Tour prices include accommodation, a guide, and most meals. You will still need to pay 70 soles for the entrance fee to the Canyon though.

Is It Worth Doing A Tour To Colca Canyon?

If you book a Colca Canyon tour, it's much better to take the 2-day option. The 1-day tour is a long day and you will spend almost all day on a bus. The two-day tour is more relaxed. There is also not much difference in price between 1 and 2-day Colca Canyon tours.

I chose not to do a guided tour as I’m not a huge fan of packaged experiences. Also, others said they spent more time in rural towns than at the Canyon itself. Tours have a big cultural focus, so expect to watch traditional dances and shop for souvenirs.

If you want a more authentic experience, I’d recommend getting to the Canyon on your own and spending a night in Chivay or Yunque.

Adventure enthusiasts should focus more on trekking in the Canyon than the more popular tourist attractions in the area.

Trekking In Colca Canyon - What You Need To Know

Where Does The Colca Canyon Trail Start?

The small town of Cabanaconde is the starting point for Colca Canyon hiking routes. There are three main trails leading from Cabanaconde. Which route you take depends on your fitness and whether you have two or three days available for your specific trek.

How Difficult Is The Colca Canyon Trek?

Hiking the Colca Canyon is fairly challenging. It is a canyon, so you will be going down and back up the steep slopes. However, as you can choose your route, you get to decide how much to take on.

The final day is the most difficult part of the Colca Canyon trek because you will need to hike up to the rim.

There are going to be some moments of frustration when you think you are at the top, only to find a false summit.

Compared to The Salkantay Trek or Classic 4-day Inca Trail, this hike is much shorter. Colca Canyon is at an altitude of 3,400m / 11,155 ft (similar to Cusco). You will need to be acclimatized to this elevation by the time you arrive.

See more in our article on preventing altitude sickness.

Different Routes of Colca Canyon

There are multiple different trails to Colca Canyon varying in distance and difficulty. There are also variations of popular trails. Plus, most routes can be done in reverse. Below are the most popular ways to hike the famous Peruvian canyon.

Cabanaconde - San Juan De Chucchu - Sangalle (overnight) - Cabanaconde Trail

This is the most popular route and is around 20km / 12.5 miles. This is also the route that 2 and 3-day trekking tours usually follow (see more on this below).

8KM / 5 Mile Trail

This is the shortest and easiest route by far. This route takes a more direct trail down to Sangalle oasis on the first day with a 2-3 hour descent.

After spending the night in Sangalle, you have a 5-6 hour trek zig-zagging back to the top of the canyon.

Western Loop Trail

This is a 25km / 15 mile loop and a popular choice for experienced trekkers hiking without a tour. This trail takes you from Cabanaconde, Llahuar, Sangalle, and then back to Cabanaconde. Spend a night in Llahuar or add a second night in Sangalle.

Cabanaconde - San Juan De Chucchu (night 1) - Llahuar(night 2) - Cabanaconde Trail

This is the toughest of all the Colca Canyon routes with a total hiking distance of 28km / 17miles.

Don’t take this route unless you are physically and mentally prepared for 6-8 hours and 10km / 6.2 mile of hiking upslope on the final day. It's best to get started before sunrise.

Colca Canyon Trekking Tours

Some Companies in Arequipa offer the Colca Canyon Trek. This is very different to the Colca Canyon tours which I described earlier in this article.

Colca Canyon group treks will take you hiking into the canyon itself. Meals and accommodation are included in the price. If you want to hike Colca Canyon but prefer organized tours, this is a good choice.

Most 2-day and 3-day trekking tours follow the same route. The only difference on the 3-day tour is that you spend an extra night in the valley. You will camp at the lunch stop, which is the same location from the 2-day trek.

Below, you will find the typical itinerary for a 2-day Colca Canyon trekking tour.

Day 1

It’s pretty much all downhill as you descend into the Canyon. This is tough on your knees and temperatures can be uncomfortably hot. It takes around 5-6 hours to reach the river.

After lunch, you will continue for a few more hours on relatively flat terrain. You will stay over at a camp in the valley. There are beautiful pools to cool off in.

Day 2

Trekkers typically rise early for a challenging, 3-hour trek before stopping for breakfast on the trail. Prepare yourself for a difficult morning, with around 1,000m / 3,281 ft of straight walking upslope. You will finish trekking before it gets too hot.

Total distance: 20km / 12.5 miles

Getting To Colca Canyon on Your Own

It is fairly straightforward to reach Colca Canyon by public transport. You have a few options for getting there.

Option 1: By Collectivo

Public minibuses (called collectivos) depart regularly to Colca Canyon. You will need to first catch a collectivo to Chivay though.

Get off in Chivay and find another collectivo going to Cabanaconde. This is slightly more expensive than the bus, but the journey is a few hours quicker.

The collectivo stations are on Av. Andres Avelinoi Caceres. This is about 15 minutes by taxi from Arequipa's historic centre.

You can ask the reception desk at your accommodation to organise a taxi for an early morning departure.

Uber and InDriver (which is cheaper) also work in Arequipa. The taxi should cost around 10 soles.

From here, you can find a collectivo going to Chivay. You will pay around 20 soles for a 3.5-hour ride. You can pay when you board or when you get off.

Keep in mind that collectivos only depart when they are full. You may want to walk around between the collectivo companies to find one that is leaving shortly to avoid a potentially long wait.

From Chivay, you will need to get another collectivo to Cabanaconde. Once you get off the first collectivo and walk out the station, you should easily find the next minibus.

The drivers know this is a popular connection and time their trips accordingly. This costs about 10 soles per person.

Option 2: By Bus

The second option is to take a bus from Arequipa’s Terminal Terrestre. Buses are slow but a little cheaper than the collectivos.

Previously, at least four companies ran this route. However, since Covid-19, buses heading to Colca Canyon are less frequent.

During my time in Arequipa, only Transportes Andelucia was going to Cabanaconde. If you have an update on this situation, please drop us a comment at the end of this article.

I recommend you visit the station beforehand to confirm bus schedules. You can also try calling Transportes Andelucia directly.

Alternatively, catch one of the regular buses to Chivay. From here, you can catch a collectivo. Bus tickets generally cost about 20 soles / $6.

Option 3: By Tourist Shuttle

You can pay to take the tourist shuttle between Arequipa and Colca Canyon. The shuttle will pick you up at 3am and you will stop for breakfast at Chivay, reaching Cabanaconde by 10am. The shuttle costs around $20 for a one way ticket.

Best Time To Visit Colca Canyon

The Colca Canyon experiences a very clear dry and wet season. For sightseeing tours, it doesn’t make much difference when you visit. However, if you plan on trekking, take seasonal differences into account.

The dry season is from May-October. During this time, the days can get exceptionally hot.

Usually, it doesn’t rain during these months either. The downside to the fair weather is that there will be more hikers on the trail. It is winter in Peru during this time, so the nights get very cold, especially if you plan on camping.

The wet season is from November-April. Most of the heavy rains fall between December and February.

You can trek at this time, but you need to be well prepared for the elements.

The trail is steep in parts and slippery when wet. You will need good hiking shoes and weatherproof gear. That said, you can also luck out and end up with dry, warm days during the wet season.

Humantay Lake - Cusco's Gem of the Mountains

Humantay Lake Facts: Things to Know Before You Go

Below are some short and interesting facts about Humantay Lake to help you get better acquainted with this stunning location in Peru. 

Humantay Lake Altitude and Acclimatization

Humantay Lake is situated 4,200m / 13, 780ft above sea level. It is in the Cusco Region of southern Peru in the Vilcabamba mountain range.

See more in our guide on hiking the Vilcabamba trail.

The trail to Humantay Lake starts at Soraypampa, which is at an altitude of 3,900m / 12795 ft. You will gain around 300m / 1000 ft in elevation during your hike.

You need to acclimatize to the altitude before visiting Humantay Lake. I recommend spending at least two days in Cusco before your hike. This is usually enough time to adjust to the lower oxygen levels.

See more in our guides on:

• Acclimitisation and preventing altitude sickness
• Things to do in Cusco
• Best dining experiences in Cusco
• Best accommodation in Cusco
• Luxury hotels in Cusco

Why Humantay Lake Is So Blue

The lake waters are fed by glaciers. As the ice melts, it releases minerals that give Humantay Lake its vivid shades of blue and green.

You will find these stunning blue lakes all through the Andes range. The exact tone of blue varies from lake to lake. Temperatures and weather also affect the color of the water.

Humantay Is A Sacred Lake

Humantay Lake was a sacred site to the Incan people. The lake still has huge significance to locals. Shamans and spiritual leaders often visit this lake and small ceremonies are conducted here.

It is customary to leave a small offering or Apacheta to Pachamama, the goddess of fertility in Incan mythology. Usually, some coca leaves are placed beneath a stone on the Lakeside.

How to get to Humantay lake

Humantay Lake is about 121km / 75 miles northwest of Cusco. The lake is tucked below Mount Humantay, which is very close to Salkantay Mountain. From Cusco, you can reach Humantay lake in one day by car trip and a short hike.

The closest town to Humantay Lake is Soraypampa. It is a three-hour drive to get to Soraypampa from Cusco. After driving, you will need to walk up the trail to Humantay Lake. This is a short walk over steep sandy terrain and takes between 45-90 minutes. You can also hire a horse to take you up most of the slope.

Soraypampa has many camps that are used by hikers on the first night of the Salkantay Trek. If you do this trek, you will make a detour to Lake Humantay on the first day of the trail.

For a fun combined tour, check out our guide on Humantay Lake and Rainbow Mountain.

Is Humantay Lake Worth It?

Humantay Lake is the most accessible alpine lake from Cusco. This also means it is one of the busiest natural attractions in the area.

If you have a free day and don't mind a bit of exercise, it is worth the effort to visit Humantay Lake. The sparkling blue waters are exceptionally beautiful, even if you are sharing the site with a crowd. On the other hand, there are much prettier and quieter lakes in Peru.

The town of Huaraz, north of Lima, is a hiker's paradise. The surrounding mountains have endless trails and are riddled with montane lakes. Huaraz is also much less touristy. I had many of these stunning lakes completely to myself while visiting Huaraz.

If you have visited (or will get to visit) Huaraz, I wouldn’t bother with Humantay Lake though; the lakes in Huaraz are far prettier and have less foot traffic. However, if you have limited time in Peru, Humantay Lake is worth the day trip.

What to Expect on a Humantay Lake Tour

You can see Humantay Lake on a full-day hike from Cusco. Numerous operators sell this tour with a near-identical itinerary with group sizes for these trips ranging from 8-16 people.

Booking Your Tour to Humantay Lake

Like most day trips from Cusco, there is no need to book Humantay Lake in advance. It's easier and cheaper to book this tour when you arrive in town. Dozens of tour operators are located around the Plaza de Armas.

Humantay Lake Day Trip - Itinerary

Humantay Lake hike is a full day trip with a duration of 12-13 hours of hiking.

The meeting time or pick-up from your hotel is between 4-5 am. Transport is usually in a minivan and it is a 2-hour drive to the town of Mollepata. Most companies have breakfast here while other tours continue on to Soraypampa.

From Soraypampa, the trek up to the lake is between 45-90 minutes. The first few hundred meters are relatively flat. After that, it is pretty much straight up a steep and sandy slope.

You should reach Humantay Lake around 11am. You will have 40-60 minutes to relax, snap pictures and enjoy the view. Afterwards, you will walk back down to Soraypampa and have lunch in a small restaurant in this camp.

Once lunch is over, you climb back in the van to return to Cusco.

Humantay Lake Tours - What’s Included and What’s Excluded

If you book a Humantay Lake tour, your ticket price should include the following:

• Transport to and from the Lake
• Breakfast and Lunch
• English Speaking Guide
• First aid kit and oxygen
• Trekking poles (depending on the company)

Generally, the entrance price of 20 soles is not included. These proceeds go directly to the community.

Humantay Lake Without a Guide

You don’t need a guide to get to Humantay Lake. You can take a taxi to reach the start of the trail at Soraypampa.

Why Hike Humantay Lake on Your Own?

The biggest motivation for going to Humantay Lake yourself is that you can sleep in. If you take a taxi, you will not have to wake up at 4am. Honestly, you will enjoy the lake more if you get better rest. A private taxi ride is also more comfortable than a shared minivan or colectivo.

There is a second reason to visit Humantay Lake without a tour. All companies leave Cusco at the same time in the morning. If you leave a bit later, you will miss the main crowds. Most tour groups have left the lake by 12 pm.

For more ideas on great unguided treks in Peru, check out our guide on hiking the Salkantay solo.

Where does the Humantay Lake trail start?

The trail up to the lake begins just past the main parking lot at Soraypampa camp. At the place where you are dropped off, follow the dirt road a bit further and over a bridge.

In 5-10 minutes, you should see the start of the narrow hiking trail. Don't worry, there will be other people around to point you in the right direction if you get a little lost.

Cost Of Visiting Humantay Lake Without a Tour

A taxi costs around $75-$85 / 250-350 soles. This depends on your negotiating skills and how well you speak Spanish! This price is to take you there and wait for you to come down again.

If you split the cost between two people, you will pay $37 / 150 soles per person. If you share a taxi between 3-4 people, it is more economical.

What Is the Best Time to Visit Humantay Lake?

To avoid a wet and cold trek up the mountain, you should visit Humantay Lake in the dry season. May through to September is generally the best time for trekking in Peru. The evenings are cold, but rain is rare. Most days over these months are sunny and warm.

What To Pack for a Humantay Lake Trek

Here are the most important things to pack for a Humantay Lake trek: 

• Sun protection
• Rain gear
• Water
• Snacks
• Camera

Sun protection

The sun is that much closer and especially harsh at high altitudes. Bring a good hat and your sunglasses. High-protection SPF sunscreen is also an essential.

Rain Gear

Even if you are traveling in the dry season, always be prepared! The weather in the Andes is unpredictable. It is worth buying a cheap plastic poncho and keeping it in your daypack for rainy days.

Water and Snacks

Take around 1.5 litres of drinking water per person. It's always good to pack fruit and a few energy bars to keep your sugar levels up.

It's best to also buy food in Cusco. You can buy snacks and water from the campsite at Soraypampa but they are very overpriced. A litre of water here will cost about 10 soles.

If you are doing the Humantay Lake trek without a guide, take lunch with you. The slope beside the lake is the perfect spot for a picnic.

Camera

You are going to want to take a lot of pictures, so don't forget to charge your smartphone or camera.

See more in our guides on packing essentials for the Inca Trail and Machu Picchu.

Humantay Lake FAQs

Can you get to Humantay Lake without hiking?

You can rent a mule or horse to go most of the way up the path. You will still need to hike the final steep slope to Humantay Lake.

How Far is Humantay Lake from Cusco?

Humantay Lake is 120km / 75 miles by road from Cusco.

Can you swim in Humantay Lake?

You can swim in Humantay Lake but it’s very cold. During the day, temperatures can be as low as 5°C / 41°F. If you do decide to take the plunge, bring a towel and warm layers for wearing afterwards.

What is the price of a day trip to Humantay Lake?

Tour prices vary widely between operators. Generally, you will pay around 80 soles / $20 if you book with a local operator. If you book online, you will pay around $40 for a day trip to Humantay Lake.

See more in our guides on:

• Exploring Machu Picchu
• Hiking the Inca Trail
• Alternative treks to Machu Picchu
  
• Things to do in Arequipa

El Misti Arequipa - Trek Up an Active Volcano in Peru

Where is El Misti Volcano?

The crater of El Misti volcano is only 17km / 11 miles from the city of Arequipa in southern Peru.

Arequipa, Peru’s second-largest city, is surrounded by volcanoes. Other than El Misti, visitors can also visit other noteworthy volcanoes like Chachani, Ampato, and Pichu Pichu.

To get to El Misti, you need to base yourself in Arequipa. Unfortunately, there are no international flights to Arequipa. You can get there on a local flight from Lima or Cusco. You can also reach Arequipa by car or by bus from other cities in southern Peru.

El Misti Arequipa Volcano Facts

Here are a few quick facts about El Misti Arequipa that you might not have known before.

El Misti is an active volcano.

El Misti is a Peruvian stratovolcano located near Arequipa. Stratovolcanoes are made up of layers of lava and materials from previous eruptions.

The cone stands at 5,822m (19,100ft) above sea level. At the top, there are three circular craters. The innermost of these craters has actively fuming gas vents.

El Misti last erupted in 1985. Even though El Misti is technically still active, it is considered safe to summit. Before the 1980’s, the last major eruption on El Misti was between 1430-1480.

Incan Mummies were found on El Misti Volcano.

In 1998, 6 Incan mummies were discovered near the inner crater of El Misti Arequipa. These were uncovered during a month-long archeological expedition.

The human remains are believed to have been from sacrifices. Human sacrifice was a common practice during the time of the Incas. The ritualistic practice was performed to appease the spirit of the volcano. The bodies were well preserved by ice.

Valuable artifacts were found alongside these mummies. You can see these artifacts in Arequipa’s Museo de Santuarios Andinos.

You can find snow on the peaks of El Misti.

Before the 1990s, El Misti Volcano had a permanent coating of snow on its peak. With temperatures increasing due to global warming, the permanent snow cap has disappeared over time. These days, you will only see snow on its peak during the winter months.

Trekking El Misti Arequipa - Routes up the Volcano

There are three main routes up El Misti Volcano which I will discuss in greater detail below:

• Grau Route (South)
• Aguada Blanca Route (Northeast)
• Pastore's Route (Southwest)

Grau Route (South)

This is the most popular way up El Misti Arequipa. The trailhead (3,400m / 11,155 ft) is only half an hour by 4X4 from Arequipa. It takes between 4-6 hours to get to Pirimides camp (4610m / 15,125 ft). On day two, it's a 5-hour hike to the summit while the descent only takes 2 hours.

Aguada Blanca route (Northeast)

This route starts near the Aguada Blanca reservoir (4000m / 13,123 ft). On this route, you will first ascend for 4 hours to make camp at Monte Blanc (4,800m / 15,748 ft). The next day, you should be able to summit El Misti Arequipa in 5-6 hours

Pastore's route (Southwest)

This trail starts from an altitude of 3,300m / 10,827 ft. After hiking for 6 hours, trekkers camp at Nido Aguilas (4,500m / 14,764 ft) .

It takes another 5 hours of trekking from the camp to the summit with a 3-hour descent afterwards.

Pastores used to be the popular route, but in recent years, there have been frequent robberies along the trail. For this reason, I would not recommend this trail in particular.

How Difficult Is Trekking Misti Volcano?

The hike up El Misti Volcano is no walk in the park. The entire trek covers about 16 miles / 25 kilometres.

The ascent is slow and strenuous. The terrain has steep slopes with lots of loose stones. The pathway to the summit has sheer drops down thousands of feet.

I wouldn’t recommend hiking El Misti unless you are very fit. You also should have some experience of mountain climbing before attempting a trek up El Misti Arequipa.

Around 10-15 people start the trek to El Misti's summit each week. However, many people experience issues with the high altitude, and only a percentage of climbers reach the summit of this volcano.

Most people trek El Misti Volcano over two days. If you are 100% acclimatized and in exceptional physical condition (i.e. a professional mountaineer), you can make the summit in a single day without too much trouble.

See more in our hiking training guide to better prepare yourself for El Misti Arequipa.

Trekking Tours Up El Misti Arequipa

There are only a handful of operators selling the El Misti Arequipa Trek at the moment. Most companies require a minimum of 3 people to make the trip.

Make sure you hike with an experienced company. Incaventura and Carlos Zarata Adventures have good track records with this particular climb.

Most El Misti Arequipa trekking companies will collect you between 6-8 am from your hotel. Depending on which route you take, it is a 1-hour drive to the trail.

You will then make the ascent to camp which usually takes 5-7 hours.

On day two, you will rise very early (between 1-2 am). You will leave your belongings at camp and only carry a bottle of water during your trek. The last haul to the summit is difficult. If you make it, you will get to the top before 9 am.

From here, you will have the most amazing 360-degree views of the volcano and beyond. The sense of achievement at this point will last you a lifetime.

After spending some time on the peak, you will then head back to camp. Collect your things and trek down to the base of the volcano.

Getting down is much faster (± 4 hours) as you will mostly slide down sandy slopes. You should get back to Arequipa around 3 pm that same day.

Trekking tours up El Misti Arequipa cost between $80-$200 per person, including dinner and breakfast. You will need to pay extra to rent trekking poles.

Can you hike up El Misti Without a Guide?

Usually, I’m all for self-guided treks in Peru. However, I’d recommend hiking El Misti with a professional operator mostly for the sake of safety and practicality.

The volcano is above 5,000m / 16,404 ft and there is a high risk of falling victim to altitude sickness. The effects of altitude sickness can be extreme and even life-threatening.

There is no correlation between age, fitness and other important factors, making it impossible to predict how your body will respond to high elevations.

Hiking without backup oxygen and a trained first-aider is risky.

See more in our guide on the best ways of dealing with acclimitisation and altitude sickness while trekking through Peru.

Secondly, reaching the foot of the volcano is near impossible without a tour. You need a 4x4 to get to the trailhead.

You could rent a vehicle and get to Aguada Blanca Reservoir, but this would be very expensive.

Don't worry about hiking with a crowd. As previously mentioned, only a few people attempt this summit each week. Unless you are an expert mountain climber with all the right equipment, it's better to go with a guide up El Misti Arequipa.

If you're looking for an excellent unguided trek in Peru, check out our guide on hiking the Salkantay solo.

What Equipment Do You Need To Trek El Misti Arequipa?

You will need to carry all your food and equipment when climbing El Misti Arequipa. Each person should take at least 4.5 litres of water. Most companies you book with will provide a tent, sleeping bag, and mat.

It is cold at high altitudes, so you will need a good jacket, thermal layers, and gloves. Some tour operators will give you gloves and a jacket for the trek.

See more in our main guide on what to pack for hiking trips in Peru.  

Trekking poles are absolutely essential because the rocky slopes are slippery. One wrong step could send you sliding down the volcano!

None of the routes up the volcano are technical, so you do not usually need special equipment to summit El Misti.

The only exception is during the wet season. During these occasions, you will need Crampons and an ice axe if it has been snowing on the volcano.

Other Recommended Treks through Peru:

• Hiking to Machu Picchu
• Inca Trail hike (incl. the classic 4-day trail, 2-day hike and jungle trek variations)
• Alternative treks to Machu Picchu
• Hiking Colca Canyon in Peru
• Salkantay trek to Machu Picchu
• Lares Trek
• Vilcabamba Trek
• Huchuy Qosqo trek in Peru
• Santa Teresa Hot Springs Trek
• Hiking up Rainbow Mountain
• Lake Humantay

Machu Picchu Animals

Wildlife Of Machu Picchu

Changing altitudes between the mountains and valleys provide a range of habitats. The animals found below live in the area surrounding Machu Picchu.

Some Machu Picchu animals can be sighted around the ruins themselves.

However, for the best chance of sightings, I’d recommend going on a trek to Machu Picchu. Even then, you need good luck to catch a glimpse of some of these indigenous Machu Picchu animals.

Llamas and Alpacas

These are the easiest animals to see at Machu Picchu. Around 25 semi-tame llamas and alpacas roam freely between the higher terraces. They are well adapted to living at high altitudes.

Llamas and alpacas were domesticated more than 10,000 years ago. Today, they are still bred for carrying loads as well as for meat and wool.

There are two species of camelids that can be found in Peru. Vicuna and Guanaco remain mostly in the wild. Salinas y Aguada Blanca National Park, near Arequipa, is one of the best places to see these animals (see: fun things to do in Arequipa).

Spectacled Bears

Spectacled bears (Tremarctos ornatus) are small and shy bears found throughout the Andes. They have black fur with distinct pale rings around their eyes, making it look like they are wearing glasses. Males can grow up to 2m long and weigh around 120kg. Females are usually half this size.

Spectacled bears have short snouts and sweet-looking faces, which inspired the popular children’s book Paddington Bear. Look out for them in trees where they like to feed on bromeliads.

Bear sightings are rare, but they are occasionally spotted around the Machu Picchu ruins. This is usually first thing in the morning. If you do come across one, there is no need to worry. Spectacled bears are no threat to humans.

Vizcachas

These cute, rock-loving creatures are types of Chinchillas, resembling giant squirrels with rabbit ears. Vizcachas live in colonies and eat whatever vegetation they can find around their rocky homes.

The stone buildings and boulders around Machu Picchu provide the ideal habitat for vizcachas. Keep an eye out for them on top of the ancient stone walls. There is a good chance you will see at least one enjoying the sun.

Pumas

This large cat is the top predator in the Andean mountains. Pumas are the second largest felines in South America, after the jaguar. They are extremely secretive.

Pumas have large territories where they hunt deer and other mammals. These cats go out of their way to avoid humans.

Research cameras have been set up in the Machu Picchu sanctuary and have recorded several resident pumas within the area. Pumas are rarely sighted in the flesh. You would be exceptionally lucky to see one in Machu Picchu or anywhere else on the continent.

Other Mammals Around Machu Picchu

Many other mammals are found around Machu Picchu. Taruca (Andean deer) are some of the Machu Picchu animals often seen high on the mountain slopes around Mount Salkantay.

Andean foxes are sometimes spotted slinking through the grass. Otters can occasionally be seen hunting crabs in the rivers below.

Coatis (relatives of the raccoon) also live in the area. These furry creatures sleep high in the treetops at night. Look out for them around the ancient Incan stairs if you are walking up to Machu Picchu.

Birds of Machu Picchu

The sanctuary of Machu Picchu is home to over 400 bird species. The region is a birder's paradise. You will almost certainly spot raptors, hummingbirds, and other bird species around the ruins. Below are some of the most iconic birds of Machu Picchu:

Lizards and Reptiles Around Machu Picchu

You usually can find lizards sunbathing on the rocks around Machu Picchu citadel. Spiny whorltail iguanas are particularly common in the region.

Be sure to look for the Optimus Prime lizard while visiting Machu Picchu. It is named after the character in Transformers which was partially filmed in the area. This new species was classified as endangered almost as soon as it was described.

There are snakes around the mountains, but they are rarely seen. Very few snake species in Peru are venomous enough to threaten humans. Still, you should always look where you are stepping just to play it safe.

Hiram Bingham Machu Picchu Train 

What To Expect on the Machu Picchu Luxury Train

There are many perks which come with buying a ticket on the Hiram Bingham luxury train to Machu Picchu.

First Class Service

On Belmond’s Hiram Bingham Express, no detail is forgotten. The staff on this train are top-tier and trained in 5-star hospitality. They will help with your bags and are always ready with a snack or drink. They know what you want before you do.

Carriages

Separate train cars provide the hotel experience. This also means the train never feels crowded in any one space. Inside the train, you can find a simple and sophisticated design. Nostalgic armchairs, wood, and polished brass interiors will have you believing you are part of an expedition in the 1920s.

There are two dining carriages with each dining room seating at least 42 passengers. The tables are set with white linen and high-quality glassware and silverware.

The onboard bar is located in its own car. The barman is a pro at preparing almost any drink and can also offer you a range of specialty cocktails.

Finally, there is an observation carriage. Meet other travelers and take in the passing scenery of stunning mountains and cloud forests.

Fine Dining and Bar

Food is an occasion on the Bingham express to Machu Picchu. Local dishes are given a modern twist. Arrive hungry for the three-course brunches and 4-course dinners.

Top chefs create dishes that appeal to the eye and the palette. The menu depends on the seasonality of local ingredients and includes succulent beef, freshly caught trout, and fruity desserts. Meals are accompanied by wines from a carefully curated list.

On Board Entertainment

On the Hiram Bingham luxury Train, guests can enjoy a variety of live entertainment. Dancers welcome passengers at the railway station and onboard, talented musicians serenade you with the sounds of flutes and pipes.

Hiram Bingham Train to Machu Picchu - Trip Itinerary

Your day on the luxury train to Machu Picchu begins with a private pick-up from your hotel in Cusco. It is an approximately 35-minute drive to Poroy Station. From here, you will be welcomed at the station with traditional dancing, cocktails, and canapes.

When you board the train, you will be escorted to your seat in one of the dining cabins. The train makes its way to Ollantaytambo (around 1 hour and 20 minutes). From here, it makes a brief stop to collect more passengers. As you travel through the Sacred Valley, you can explore the carriages and take in the view.

After leaving Ollantaytambo (where you will also find some amazing hotels and accommodation), you will be invited to sit for a 3-course brunch. This includes complimentary sparkling wine.

After lunch, you are free to relax. Enjoy live music or a cocktail at the bar. The train follows the tracks beside the Urubamba river and you will soon arrive at Aguas Calientes station.

On arrival, a private shuttle will take you to Machu Picchu, which is a 30-minute ride up the mountain. If you want to arrange your own transportation, there are some affordable options for getting to Machu Picchu.

At Machu Picchu, you will have a guided tour of the ruins.

You can book a return trip for the same day. However, we recommend staying in Aguas Calientes so you can take your time exploring the site and the town.

How Long is the Luxury Train Ride to Machu Picchu?

A one-way train ride from Poroy Station to Machu Picchu is usually 3 hours and 20 minutes. If you catch the train at Ollantaytambo, it shortens the journey to under 2 hours.

How Much is The Luxury Train to Machu Picchu?

On average, the Hiram Bingham Orient Express from Cusco to Machu Picchu costs $1000 for a round trip. This includes all meals, transfers, and entertainment. This is almost four times the price of the Vistadome train to Machu Picchu.

Booking The Hiram Bingham Luxury Train to Machu Picchu

The luxury train to Machu Picchu is a popular part of many tour packages to the famous Incan ruins. Most good Machu Picchu tour operators will let you upgrade your train ride to the Hiram Bingham Express provided there are still seats available.

You can also book your luxury train tickets online at Perurail. The train operates every day except for Mondays.

Special Services on the Hiram Bingham Luxury Train

If you are willing to pay some serious cash, the luxury train to Machu Picchu can be exclusively chartered. This allows you to plan your own itinerary with groups being able to also book entire carriages.

Belmond’s Hiram Bingham also caters to special requests. Perhaps you want to propose or surprise your loved ones with a private dinner? The Belmond team can make your vision a reality.

Is The Hiram Bingham Train to Machu Picchu Worth It?

The luxury train to Machu Picchu is undoubtedly a memorable experience. If you are all about opulence and indulgence, this is the way to go and definitely worth it.

It may also be worth shelling out the extra dollars for celebrating a special occasion. This is definitely a unique way to spoil yourself or someone you love

On the other hand, the extra money could be well spent elsewhere. Perhaps additional excursions or nights in Cusco’s Luxury hotels might also be an alternative extravagant experience.

Ultimately, it comes down to your bank balance and your vacation priorities. If you would like some more suggestions, feel free to leave your feedback in the comment section at the end of this article.

You may also like:

• How do you get to Machu Picchu
• Machu Picchu hiking guide
• Facts about Machu Picchu